Tirando is a classical guitar technique for plucking strings with a free stroke. It produces a clear, sustained sound. This technique is essential for classical guitarists.

Volume swell involves gradually increasing the volume using the guitar's volume knob or a pedal. It creates a smooth, crescendo effect. This technique adds dynamic range.

The whammy bar, or tremolo arm, changes string tension to alter pitch. It creates vibrato and dive-bomb effects. This technique is common in rock and metal.